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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of restrictive foramen ovale ( RFO ) monitored by fetal echocardiography during the middle to late stage of pregnancy . Methods The detection rate ,echocardiographic features and outcome in fetuses with RFO without cardiac malformations from 7319 pregnant women received prenatal echocardiography were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed . Results RFO was found in 40 of 7319 (0 .55％ ) fetuses . The inclusion criteria including a narrow right to left shunt of less than 2 .5 mm in diameter across atrial septum , enlarged right atrium , increased right-to-left ventricular size ratio ,and increased size ratio of main pulmonary artery to aorta were present in 40 fetuses . The direct ultrasound characters of RFO included limited opening of oval valve ( 70％ ) and foramen ovale diameter less than 2 .5 mm (30％ ) . And atrial septal aneurysm ( 62 .5％ ) ,redundant primum atrial septum (57 .5％ ) ,abnormal ductus arteriosus ( 57 .5％ ) might also be present commonly in RFO . As the gestational weeks increased , the size ratio of right-to-left atrium , right-to-left ventricle and the main pulmonary artery to aorta also increased significantly( P =0 .004 , P <0 .001 , P <0 .001) . Among the 40 fetuses with RFO ,21 cases ( 52 .5％ ) gave birth in full term ,8 cases ( 20％ ) which were detected severe tricuspid regurgitation gave birth in early cesarean section ,5 cases ( 12 .5％ ) had induced labor and 6 cases (15％ ) were lost in the follow-up . Of the 29 newborns ,only 1 case died of heart failure ,and the other 28 subjects recovered both from heart structure or cardiac function within four months . Conclusions RFOwithout cardiac malformations presents echocardiographic features characterized by a narrow right to left shunt of less than 2 .5 mm in diameter across atrial septum . Fetal echocardiography can monitor the dynamic change of fetal heart structure and function based on the increase of right heart load and decrease of left heart volume ,which has important clinical significance for assessing fetal intrauterine condition and prognosis .
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ObjectiveTo make ultrasound anatomy teaching samples of odynopoeia fetus heart with complex abnormity consistent with echocardiographic view,and utilize them in echo teaching.MethodsTen odynopoeia foetus hearts were cutted comparing to different echocardiographic imaging respectively.Results Dissections of fetus heart were obtained including 5 cases of single cardiac ventricle(2 case with interruption of aortic arch),4 cases of double outlet of right ventricular,and 1 case of hypoplastic left heart syndrome with serious coarctation of the aorta.The apical long axis view,the three blood vessel view,as well as the long axis view of the aortic arch were typical views of ultrasound diagnosis and teaching.ConclusionsIt is profit to raise and accurate rate of fetus echocardiography diagnosis by studying dissection of fetus heart anatomic structure with complex abnormity,which would make ultrasound imaging visualization.
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Objective To evaluate the echocardiographic findings and clinical application in the rupture of sinus of Valsalva aneurysm(SVA).Methods Typical transthoracic echocardiographic appearance of 62 patients with SVA and accompanied abnormality were reviewed and compared with operative results.Results Fifty-eight (93.5%) cases SVA were preoperatively discovered by echocardiography, while 2 (3.2%) misdiagnosed as tetralogy of Fallot and tricuspid regurgitation and 2 (3.2%) missed diagnosis.Accompanying teratisms included frequently ventricular septal defect (VSD) (33 cases, 53.2 %) and aortic valve dysplasia(11 cases, 17.7%).The rupture site and the drainage chamber were essentially consisted with surgery,while the size of VSD measured by echocardiography was significantly smaller than that measured in operation.Conclusions Transthoracic echoeardiography is valuable in diagnosing of the site, drainage chamber and the accompanied abnormality of SVA.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between the oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) in the blood from the coronary sinus and impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease(CHD).Methods Four groups of patients were subjected,including acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=22),unstable angina group(UA,n=29),and stable angina group(SA, n=25) and control group(n=20) who was first suspected as CHD and then verified with normal coronary angiograms.Blood form the coronary sinus was collected through cardiac cathetering and the ox-LDL level was measured by Sandwich ELISA method.Brachial arterial hyperemia-induced flow mediated dilation(FMD) and sublingual nitroglycerin(NTG) mediated vasodilation were measured by high resolution ultrasound.Results The blood level of ox-LDL in patients with CHD was markedly higher than those in control group(P
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Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of transcranial color duplex sonography for vertebrobasilar arterial insufficiency (VBI). Methods Transcranial color duplex sonography was performed on 30 healthy controls and 30 VBI patients confirmed clinically to examine the flow velocities and wave form parameters of the main supra and infra tentorial basal cerebral arteries. The anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries on either side of the cranium and the vertebrobasilar system were observed using a 2.0 MHz transducer of a computed sonographic system. Results The vertebral artery system resistance index and pulsitive index were significantly higher in VBI patients than those in the controls ( P